There are many types of chips, and not all of them use monocrystalline silicon wafers as substrates. Different types of substrates are used for different chip products based on their characteristics. Most people know very little about other substrates, so let's take this opportunity to briefly introduce them.
Summary of Substrate Types
1.Monocrystalline Silicon Wafers:
The most common substrate material, widely used in the manufacture of integrated circuits (ICs), microprocessors, memory devices, MEMS devices, power devices, etc.
2.SOI Substrates (Silicon On Insulator):
Used for high-performance, low-power integrated circuits, such as high-frequency analog and digital circuits, RF devices, and power management chips.
3.SiGe Substrates (Silicon-Germanium):
Composition: An alloy of silicon and germanium with any molar ratio, molecular formula Si₁₋ₓGeₓ, usually made by epitaxy.
Applications: Used in heterojunction bipolar transistors, mixed-signal circuits, RF, etc.
4.Compound Semiconductor Substrates:
● GaAs Substrates (Gallium Arsenide):Microwave and millimeter-wave communication devices, etc.
● GaN Substrates (Gallium Nitride):Used in RF power amplifiers, HEMT (High Electron Mobility Transistor), etc.
● SiC Substrates (Silicon Carbide):Used in power devices for electric vehicles, power converters, etc.
● InP Substrates (Indium Phosphide):Used in lasers, photodetectors, etc.
5.Sapphire Substrates:
Used in LED manufacturing, RFIC (Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit), etc.
6.Germanium Substrates:
Used in infrared optoelectronic devices, etc.
7.LN (Lithium Niobate):
Used in SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) filters, MEMS, etc.
8.LT (Lithium Tantalate):
Used in SAW filters, MEMS, etc.
9.Glass Substrates:
Used in LCD, OLED, optical filters, etc.
And more...
